JIM FARR’S NUMISMATIC BIBLIOGRAPHY
This is an annotated bibliography of what I have in my own personal numismatic library. It is not a comprehensive bibliography of all references pertinent to my interests, only what I actually own. I am always interested in knowing about important references that I don’t have, and I am especially always interested in receiving copies of articles from their authors if I don’t have them in my library.
I have written the annotations to make them easy for me to search. Names of Islamic dynasties are spelled as they
are in Steve Album’s Checklist of Islamic Coins. I can find all references about the Golden Horde, Mamluks,
Germany, Bavaria, Ireland, Yemen, etc, by searching the text for those key words. It’s not perfect, but it offsets
my inability to remember what I have.
If you would like for me to send this bibliography to you as a WordPerfect or Word file, or if you would like to contact me about anything else, please email me at jimfarr@nettally.com.
Please note that I am neither a lending library nor a photocopy service. I am not a professional numismatist, only an avid collector. I work a regular job as a biologist and use my time away from work to pursue my coin hobby and other interests, to play with my dogs, to keep up my home, and otherwise to relax. I simply do not have the time to make photocopies of my rare or out-of-print books or lengthy articles, so please don’t ask me to do it. The American Numismatic Association lends its books to members, the American Numismatic Society will photocopy short articles for members, and most libraries have an interlibrary loan service. Try them. That is how I got many of the works in my own library.
Updated March 15, 2008
‘Abd al-Rahman, Husayn. Al-Nuqud. Matba’at al-Itimad, Cairo, 1940. Photocopy.
An introduction to the Islamic coinage of Egypt, beginning with the Umayyads and ending in 1939. It covers Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk, Ottoman and post-Ottoman coinage. Very nice overview, easy to use.
‘Abd al-Wahhab, H. H. ‘Al-nuqud al-Arabiyya fi Tunis/History of Tunisian Coinage. Banque Centrale de Tunis, Tunis, 1968. In Arabic. Photocopy.
The catalogue of the bank’s collection of Tunisian coinage. Includes ancient coins, Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Zirid of Qayrawan, and Hafsid dynasties. Legends written out.
Abramishvili, Tamara Ysonovna. Katalog Trapezundskikh Asprov i Zapadnogruzinskikh Monet (Kirmaneuli) Gos. Muzeya Gruzii/ Catalogue of Trebizond Aspers and West Georgian Coins in the National Museum of Georgia. Tbilisi, 1984. (In Georgian, with Russian summary).
Catalogue of 456 Trebizond coins. The text is in Georgian, so it doesn’t help me much, but the plates are decent and there are tables with variations in legends. Unfortunately, the numbers don’t match up with the text descriptions or the plates.
Abywardene, T. M. de Silva. Price Catalogue of Ancient Coins of Ceylon. Careem & Co., Colombo, Ceylon, 1952.
An overview of the coinage of Ceylon. It concentrates primarily on the ancient coinage (B.C. 600 through the Kandy coinage), but also includes types through 1815. Several plates of minimal quality. There is a brief historical and geographical overview. Valuations in Ceylonese currency are included.
Adrianov, Yaroslav. Russkiye Monety 1700 - 2000 Godov: Istoricheskii Obzor I Katalog/ Russian Coins from 1700-2000: Historical Survey and Catalogue. Perm’, Russia, 2001.
Catalague of coins of Russia from the reign of Peter I (the Great) through the Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russia. An oversized book with good plates. Much data on individual issues and an attempt at valuations with comparisons to Krause.
Agat, Nurettin. Altinordu (Cuci Ogullari) Paralari Katalogu, 1250-1502/Catalogue of Coins of the Golden Horde (Jujid Dynasty), 1250-1502. Edebiyat Fakultesi Matbaasi, Istanbul, 1976.
Comprehensive treatment of the Islamic Golden Horde dynasty, with earlier issues of the Giray Khans included. No illustrations, but Arabic legends written out for all types, and a list of mints and dates precedes coin descriptions for each ruler. There is also a brief treatment of Sufid coinage. Tables and indexes of legends, mints, dates, varieties of tamgas.
Ahlstroem, Bjarne. Sveriges Besittningsmynt, 1561-1878. B. Ahlstroem Mynthandel AB, Stockholm, 1967. In Swedish, German and English.
Coins of Swedish possessions. Includes Reval, Narva, Riga, Livland, Elbing, Thorn, Pommern, Stralsund, Wismar, Bremen-Verden, Stade, Augsburg, Erfurt, Fuerth, Mainz, Nuernburg, Osnabrueck, Wuerzburg, Saint Bartholomew, and Uncertain mints.
Ahlstroem, Bjarne, Yngve Almer and Bengt Hemmingsson. Sveriges Mynt, 1521-1977. Numismatiska
Bokfoerlaget AB, Stockholm, 1976. Swedish and English.
Coins of Sweden.
Ahlstroem, Bjarne, Bernard F. Brekke, and Bengt Hemmingsson. Norges Mynter. Numismatiska Bokfoerlaget 7AB, Stockholm, 1976. Swedish and English.
The coinage of Norway from the Viking Age (ca. 995) through 1975.
al-’Ajjabi, Hamid. Jama’al-maskukat al-’arabiyya bi-Ifriqiya/ Collection of Arabic coins from Africa. Vol. I. Publications de l’institut National du Patrimoine, Tunis, 1988. In Arabic.
Catalogue of Islamic coins in the Musee du Bardo, Tunis. Includes Umayyad, Abbasid, Aghlabid, Fatimid, Zirid of Qayrawan, Hafsid, and early Ottoman coinage. Legends written out, good photographic plates.
al-’Ajjabi, Hamid. Jama’al-maskukat al-’arabiyya bi-Ifriqiya/ Collection of Arabic coins from Africa. Vol. II. Publications de l’institut National du Patrimoine, Tunis, 1996. In Arabic.
A continuation of the Islamic coinage in the Musee du Bardo. Includes later Ottoman and Husaynid coinage.
Akin, Alexander. The Sino-Sogdian Coinage of the Ikhshids of Samarkand. Unpublished Manuscript, Harvard University, January 19, 1998.
A nice historical overview of the relationship between China and the merchants of Sogdiana and a description of the square-holed Sogdian coins. The author drew from original Chinese sources that have not been treated elsewhere, and he also commented on various customs as gleaned from contemporary art. There are details about several of the rulers that I have not seen elsewhere.
Album, Stephen. An Umayyad Hoard from Afghanistan. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 17, pp. 241-246, 1971.
A description of 131 Umayyad silver dirhams found in Afghanistan. There was one new mint, Masabadhan, and four other previously unpublished types.
Album, Stephen. Notes on the Coinage of Muhammad ibn al'Husayn al'Rawwadi. Reprint from Revue
Numismatique, 6th serie, Volume XIV, 1972.
A note on the history and coinage of the short-lived Rawwadid dynasty of Azerbayjan (997-1016).
Album, Stephen. Power and Legitimacy: The Coinage of Mubariz al-Din Muhammad ibn al-Muzaffar at Yazd and Kirman. Le monde iranien et l'Islam, Vol. 2, pp. 157-171, 1974. Photocopy
A note on the Islamic Muzaffarid dynasty in southern Iran from the 14th century. In particular it describes the use of inscriptions on coins to legitimize power, especially using the names of the Caliph or other dynastic overlords.
Album, Stephen. A Hoard of Silver Coins from the Time of Iskandar Qara Qoyunlu. Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Vol. XVI, pp. 109-157, 1976. Photocopy.
A description of a hoard of Islamic coinage of the Qara Qoyunlu, Shirvanshah and Timurid dynasties. Much history, descriptions of coins with Arabic legends. Photographic plates.
Album, Stephen. Samanid Oversize Dirhams of the Fourth Century A.H. (Tenth Century A.D.). Numismatic Chronicle, Seventh Series, Vol. XVI, pp. 248-254, 1976.
A critical review of Mitchiner's treatise on multiple dirhems.
Album, Stephen. Marsden's Numismata Orientalia Illustrata. Attic Books, Ltd., New York, 1977.
A revised an updated edition of Marsden's original work published in 1823. Provides a decent general overview of Islamic coinage with values and bibliographies. Good historical overviews preceding each section. Sections on Far Eastern coinage very incomplete and not very useful. Nicely illustrated with line drawings.
Album, Stephen. The Coinage of Nur-Award, Atabeg of Lur Buzurg, 751-57 H./A.D. 1350-1356. Reprint from The American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Volume 22, 1977.
The history and coinage of the only apparent Atabeg of Lur Buzurg in Iran to issue coinage (1350-1356).
Album, Stephen. A further note on Tamerlane & Babur. Numismatics International, Vol. 14, pp. 210-212, 1980.
A historical note that includes information on the relationships among the Mongols, Chaghatayid, Timurids and Sufids. No coin descriptions.
Album, Stephen. A late sixteenth century countermarked copper from Isfahan. Numismatics International, Vol. 16, pp. 55-57, 1982.
A description of a countermarked la’nat falus from Isfahan. It is the only published description of the la’nat coinage of the second period of Iranian civic coppers. The legend is translated, but not written out in Persian or transliterated.
Album, Stephen. Studies in Ilkhanid History and Numismatics. I. A Late Ilkhanid Hoard (743/1342). Studia Iranica, Vol. 13, pp. 49-116, 1984. Photocopy.
A description of a hoard of 281 silver coins of the late Islamic Mongol Ilkhanid dynasty, mostly from southern Iraq and southern Iran. Includes complete descriptions of coins and much historical information.
Album, Stephen. Studies in Ilkhanid History and Numismatics. II. A Late Ilkhanid Hoard (741/1340) as
Evidence for the History of Diyar Bakr. Studia Iranica, Vol. 14, pp. 43-76, 1985.
A description of a hoard of 273 silver coins of the Islamic Mongol Ilkhanid dynasty, mostly from the Jazira. Includes full coin descriptions, nice plates and an analysis of the history of the dynasty as elucidated from the coins.
Album, Stephen. Private Collection of Abbasid Coins. 1986?
Copy of Steve’s notes on his Abbasid collection. His handwritten descriptions of 726 Abbasid gold, silver and copper coins from his personal collection prior. Legends meticulously written out by hand, alphabetically by mint, in date order within mints.
Album, Stephen. An Arab-Sasanian Dirham Hoard from the year 72 Hijri. Reprint from Studia Iranica, Volume 21(2). Published by the L'Association pour l'avancement des etudes Iraniennes, 1992.
A description of a hoard of countermarked Sasanian coins and later Arab-Sasanian types.
Album, Stephen. A Checklist of Popular Islamic Coins. Published by the Author, Santa Rosa, California, 1993.
A listing of Islamic coin types with rarity indices. Brief historical notes precede each section. Not illustrated. Important bibliographic information for specific dynasties.
Album, Stephen. The Coming of Age of Islamic Numismatics. Yarmouk Numismatics, Volume 7, pp. 37-46, 1995. Offprint.
A discussion of the rapid development of Islamic numismatics during the previous two decades, both in academic circles and in the collector-commercial (dealer) realm. The author relates several anecdotes of advances in the field from his own experience as both researcher and dealer and makes a case for systematic publication of collections, both private and public, either in print or electronically.
Album, Stephen. An Overview of the Coinage of Sistan. I. Before the Mongols. Yarmouk Numismatics, Volume 10, pp. 11-30, 1998.
An overview of the coins of Sijistan, Zaranj, Nimruz and Bust. It is not a catalogue or description of coins, but rather a narrative of the numismatic history. It includes Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Abbasid (with a table of names found on the coins), Tahirid, Saffarid, Samanid, Tamimid, and Ghaznavid. He gives a great synopsis of the succession of rulers and dynasties at each mint.
Album, Stephen. An Overview of the Coinage of Sistan. II. After the Mongols. Yarmouk Numismatics, Volume 11, pp. 7-17, 1999.
A continuation of his Sistan narrative. Includes Kart, Chingizid, Mehrabanid, Timurid, Shaybanid and Safavid.
Album, Stephen. Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. Volume 10. Arabia and East Africa. Ashmolean Museum Oxford, 1999.
This is a fantastic and welcome volume on the coins in the Ashmolean, particularly the Shamma collection. It is the only recent and relatively comprehensive work on Arabian (especially Yemen) and East African dynasties. Dynasties covered in the catalogue are Abbasid, Fatimid, Rasulid, Qasimid, Sulayhid, Ziyadid, Najjahid, Mahdid, Ayyubid, Rassid, ‘Alid Rebel, Khwalanid, Amirs of ‘Athar, Tarafid, Zuray’id, Banu Sama, Wajihid, Buwayhid, Mukramid, Umayyad, Ikhshidid, Qarmatid, Harar, Kilwa, Mogadishu, Mombasa, Pemba and Zanzibar. Everycoin is photographed (not always clearly), legends are written out in Arabic, there is good introductory material, and fantastic bibliography and index. The book to have if you need the Arabian Peninsula or East Africa.
Album, Stephen. Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. Volume 9. Iran after the Mongol Invasion. Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, 2001.
The second volume to appear in the Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. It contains 1797 coins from more than 160 mints and 32 dynasties (including Civic Coppers) It is very heavy in Ilkhan, Muzaffarid, Jalayrid, Eretnid, Timurid, Safavid and later Shahs of Iran, Durrani, Barakzai, Aq Qoyunlu, Qara Qoyunlu and the Civic Coppers. Other dynasties are the Great Mongols (Chingizids), Golden Horde (a few rare mints, not the common mints), Walid, Ghilzay, Sarbadar, Amirs of Badakhshan, Khans of Karabakh (in Panahabad), Alikozay, Qalhat Amirs of Hormuz, Shirvanshahs (Khaqanid), Burhanid, Khans of Shimakhi, Injuyid, Qutlughkhanid, Khans of Ganja, Amir of Qunduz (Qunduz and Hisar mints), Mehrabanid and Kart. The collection tends to have many rarities, but not the common coins of the dynasties covered. This is a first-class catalogue with complete legends written out in Arabic and outstanding photos. A definite treasure.
Album, Stephen. Damghan and Bistam. Undated handwritten manuscript.
Hand list of 89 coins from Damghan and five coins from Bistam. Dynasties include Great Mongols, Ilkhans, Sarbadar, Walid, Chaghatayid, Timurid, Shaybanid and Safavid. Legends meticulously written out by hand, some coins with line drawings of cartouches and other designs.
Album, Stephen. Album Collection Inventory. Undated typed manuscript.
A list of Injuyid, Atabegs of Lur Buzurg, Muzaffarid, Jalayrid, Sarbadar, Walid, Mar’ashi Sayyid, Rebellion of Akhi Juq, Kart and Mehrabanid coins in his collection. Listed only by mint, date, metal and denomination, most with other descriptive notes. No other descriptions or illustrations.
Album, Stephen and Tony Goodwin. Sylloge of Islamic Coins in the Ashmolean. Volume 1. The Pre-Reform Coinage of the Early Islamic Period. Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, 2002.
This is a remarkable book. Not only is it a Sylloge of an impressive collection of Arab-Sasanian and Arab-Byzantine coins, but it also contains more than 100 pages of very thorough analysis of iconography, historical surveys, typology, provincial summaries, lists of mints, metrology, dates and dating, countermarks, imitations, forgeries, and chronologies. The book is well-indexed and has two good maps of mint locations. Steve Album did the Arab-Sasanian coinage (504 coins), and Tony Goodwin did the Arab-Byzantine (238 coins).
Alfian, T. Ibrahim. Mata Uang Emas Kerajaan - Kerajaan di Aceh. Seri Penerbitan Museum Negeri Aceh, 1979. Photocopy.
A listing of gold coins from Atcheh. Each type is described with Arab legends transliterated, but not written out in Arabic. Each type is photographed.
Alieva, G. Materiali k Katalogy Monet Timura, Chekanennikh v Gorodakh Zapadnovo Irana i
Azerbaidzhana/Material towards a Catalogue of the Coins of Timur Struck in Towns of Western Iran and Azerbaijan. In: Rtveladze, E. V. (Ed.), Numizmatika Uzbekistana, Akademiya Nauk Uzbekskoi CCR, Tashkent, 1990, pp. 83-99.
A description of 123 coins of Timur, founder of the Timurid dynasty. Includes legends written out in Arabic.
Allan, John. Catalogue of the Coins in the Indian Museum Calcutta, Volume IV: Native States. Originally published in Calcutta, 1926. Reprint by Indological Book Corporation, New Dehli, 1976.
The Indian coins of the Indian States. Each state has a brief introduction, then coins are listed with legends written out. Very useful as a supplement to or substitute for Krause. The plates are decent.
Allan, John. A Catalogue of the Indian Coins in the British Museum: Coins of Ancient India. Originally
published 1936. Reprinted by Eastern Book House, Patna, India, 1989.
Mostly Punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire and tribal issues of ancient India. Nicely organized to facilitate identification of types. The plates are mediocre, typical of Indian reprints.
Allen, Derek. An Introduction to Celtic Coins. British Museum Publications, London, 1978.
An introduction to the Celtic coinage of all of Europe, from the Danubian basin to England.
Allen, Derek and Daphne Nash. The Coins of the Ancient Celts. Edinburgh University Press, 1980.
An in-depth view of Celtic coinage throughout Europe, with a substantial bibliography and 41 plates.
Alptekin, Coskun. Selcuklu Paralari. Selcuklu Arastirmalari Dergisi, Volume 3, pp. 435-559, 1971. (Photocopy)
A description of 237 coins of the Great Seljuqs. Legends are written out completely but not transliterated or translated. All devices like swords, stars, etc. are drawn, and there is a table that allows one to find coins with different symbols on them. There are eleven plates of photographs which are probably excellent in the original, but they lose a lot in the photocopy.
Alram, Michael. Iranisches Personennamenbuch. Band IV. Nomina Propria Iranica in Nummis. Verlag der Oesterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 1986.
Massive folio-sized book (larger even than Tuebingen) of ancient coins of Persia and Central Asia. It includes ancient Greek (Scythia, Pontos, Bosporus, Paphlagonia, Bithynia, Lycia, Cappadocia, Sophene, Armenia, Commagene, Greek Imperial, Byzantine), Achaemenid, Arsakid, Elymais, Characene. Persis, Sasanid, Ispahbads in Tabaristan, Sakas, Pahlavas, Yueh-chih, Sogdian, Baktria, Kushan, Kushano-Sasanian, Iranian Huns. One of the few references for Sogdian and other Central Asian coins that actually writes out the inscriptions as found on the coins as well as the transliteration. Especially strong in the Persian dynasties and the only catalogue I have found that is good for Persis. Plates are in a separate volume so can be examined alongside the descriptions in the text.
Alram, Michael, Reinhard Haertel and Manfred Schreiner (editors) Die Fruehzeit des Friesacher Pfennigs (etwa 1125-30 - etwa 1166). Verlag der Oesterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 2002.
An incredibly thorough analysis of the early time of the Friesacher Pfennigs of Austria and Germany. There are three articles, as follows:
Baumgartner, Ingeborg, Schriftquellen zur Fruehzeit der Pfennigs. Eine Einfuehrung, pp. 35-134.
A lengthy discourse on literary sources covering the origin and striking of the coins.
Winter, Heinz. Die Fruehzeit des Friesacher Pfennigs: Die Numismatische Evidenz, pp. 135-466.
Analysis of the coins providing a chronology and typology of the early issues. There is also a lengthy catalog of the early issues, including Salzburg, Kaernten, Aquileia, and modern forgeries. The catalogue contains more than 1000 coins. Also an analysis of hoards and a correlation with catalogue numbers from other works on these coins. There are 32 plates showing hundreds of different coins.
Linke, Robert and Manfred Schreiner. Materialanalytische Untersuchungen am Friesacher Pfennig Mittels Energiedispersiver Roentgenfluoreszenzanalyse, pp. 467-513.
Metallurgical analysis of the coins.
Aman ur-Rahman. Zahir-uddin Muhammad Babur: A Numismatic Study. Published by the author (with proceeds donated to the Himalayan Wildlife Foundation), Karachi, Pakistan, 2005.
The book begins with a chronology of Babur’s life emphasizing events with numismatic relevance. There is then a long treatment of the legends on his coins showing the evolution of his titles and explaining their relevance. Next there is a bit on Economy and Coin Circulation followed by a nice history of all of the mint towns that struck coins for Babur. Finally there is a fantastic catalogue of all known types of Babur’s coins, all with great photographs.
American Numismatic Society. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. Part 6. Palestine - South Arabia. American Numismatic Society, New York, 1991.
Beautiful oversized Sylloge volume covering Graeco-Palestine, Jewish Issues (Yehud, Hasmonaean, Herodian, Procurators, Jewish War against Rome, Judaea Capta, Roman administration under Domitian, Bar Cochba War, Provincial City Issues) Coins of the Decapolis and Provincia Arabia, South Arabia Felix (Sabaeans, Himyarites). Covers the so-called widow’s mites and the little concave Himyarite issues.
American Numismatic Society. Sylloge Nummorum Graecorum. The Collection of the American Numismatic Society. Part 9. Graeco-Bactrian and Indo-Greek Coins. American Numismatic Society, New York, 1998.
Smaller format than Part 6, prepared by Osmund Bopearachchi. Includes pre-Seleucid coins of Bactria, Seleucids of Bactria, Bactrian and Indo-Greek. 1745 Coins are described and photographed. There are indices of Legends, Monograms and Symbols, and Types, as well as a table of monograms and an explanation of the Kharoshthi alphabet. Unlike Part 6, there are brief historical notes included throughout.
Amitai-Preiss, Nitzan and Reuven Amitai Preiss. Two Notes on the Protocol on Hulegu’s Coinage. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 117-128, 1988-1989.
Traces the origin of the term Ilkhan and its use as an indication of subservience to Mongke, the great khan. Uses several examples of Ilkhan coinage of Hulagu to show the different protocols.
Andrews, Arthur. Australasian Tokens and Coins. Originally published by The Mitchell Library Foundation, Sydney, 1921. Reprinted by the Trustees of the Public Library of New South Wales, Sydney, 1965.
One of the classics on tokens and coins of Australia. Especially important for the token issues, which are fully described and accompanied by nice photographic plates. Nicely indexed.
Anokhin, V. A. Monetnoye delo Khersonesa I-III vv. n.e. Numizmatika i Epigrafika IV, pp. 3-88, 1963.
An extensive early article by Anokhin on the coinage of Cheronessus on the northern coast of the Black Sea (roughly AD 24 - 300). There is a long narrative numismatic history of the coinage followed by a catalogue of almost 300 coins. All of the legends of the coins are written out, and there are decent photos of them on plates. A nice article.
Anokhin, V. A. Monetnoye Delo Khersonesa (IV v. do n. e. - XII v. n. e./ The Coinage of Chersonesus, IV
Century B. C. - XII Century A. D. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1977.
The original Russian edition of Anokhin (1980) on the ancient coins of the Black Sea area of Chersonesus.
Anokhin, V. A. The Coinage of Chersonesus, IV Century B. C. - XII Century A.D. Originally published in Russian. Translated by H. Bartlett Wells. BAR International Series 69, Oxford, 1980.
A historical overview of the ancient coinage of Cherronesus from early Greek through Byzantine issues. It includes a catalogue of 480 coins arranged by period, each coin photographed. Cherronesus is on the Bosporus on the northern coast of the Black Sea.
Anokhin, V. A. Monetnoye Delo Bospora. Kiev Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1986.
Numismatic history and catalogue of the coins of Pantikapaion and Cimmerian Bosporus. The plates are decent, and many more coins are photographed than there are in his later work on Bosporus coinage. There is a rather extensive bibliography including perhaps 100 references in Russian.
Anokhin, V. A. Moneti Antichnikh Gorodov Severo-Zapadnovo Prichernomor’ya/ Coins of the Ancient Cities of the Northwest Black Sea Coast. Naukova Dumka, Kiev, 1989.
A historical treatment and catalogue (in Russian) of coinage of the northern coast of the Black Sea. Most of the coinage is from Olbia, but there are also coins from Carcine, Cercinitis, and Tyra. The catalogue includes 566 coins, all photographed. Ancient Greek and Greek Imperial periods.
Anokhin, V. A. Istoriya Bospora Kimmeriiskovo/ The History of Cimmerian Bosporus. Odigitriya Numizmatika, Kiev, 1999.
A beautiful, well-illustrated overview of the coins of Cimmerian Bosporus. It includes Pantikapeion (with coins attributed to specific rulers) through the later Cimmerian Bosporus rulers. It is loaded with history and numismatic analyses.
Anonymous. Al-nuqud al-tunisiyya abra al-tarikh/ History of Tunisian Coinage. Banque Centrale de Tunis, 1993. (In Arabic)
A slick bank publication illustrating the history of Tunisian coinage. There are beautiful color photos and a nice bibliography. There is more text than usual for a bank publication. The summaries of different periods might be good practice for learning Arabic vocubulary pertaining to history and numismatics.
Anonymous. Chelovek i Priroda v Pamyatnikakh Numizmatiki/ People and Nature in Numismatic Memorials. Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh, St. Petersburg, 1996.
A booklet from the Hermitage Museum showing the portrayal of animals on coins and medals and a few famous people on medals. The coins are mostly, but not all, Russian.
Anton, William T., Jr. and Bruce Kesse. Forgotten Coins of the North American Colonies. Krause Publications, Iola, WI, 1992.
A catalogue and classification system for counterfeit English and Irish coppers that circulated in the North American colonies. Includes a few evasion pieces. Great photos.
Arab Bank Limited. Islamic Coins: A Selection of Islamic Coins Used Since the Beginning of Islam up to the Ottoman Period. Amman, Jordan, 1980.
A slick publication published on the occasion of the bank’s 50th anniversary. It has selected enlarged photos of several dynasties, including Sasanian, Arab-Sasanian, Arab-Byzantine, Umayyad, Abbasid, Tulunid, Aghlabid, Ikhshidid, Fatimid, Sulayhid, Zurayid (Yemen), Murabitid, Muwahhid, Hafsid, Hamdanid, Seljuq, Artuqid, Zengid, Ayyubid, Ilkhan, Mamluk and Ottoman. The few coins pictured have legends written out and translated. A few maps and charts. Bilingual (Arabic and English).
Arif, Aida S. A Treasury of Classical and Islamic Coins: The Collection of Amman Museum. Arthur Probsthain, London, 1986.
A mediocre catalogue of the coins in the Amman Museum. It includes Greek, Roman, Byzantine, Arab-Byzantine, Umayyad, Abbasid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, and Ottoman. The legends of all coins are written out, but not transliterated or translated. The plates are awful, done on nice paper, but so small as to be useless for identifying the coins in them.
Ariza Armada, Almudena. Un “Quirate” Almohade Anonimo, Acunado en Ceuta. III. Jarique de Numismatica Hispano-Arabe. Museo Arqueologico Nacional, Madrid, pp.355-372, 1990.
Description of an anonymous bronze square dirham of the Muwahhid dynasty struck in Ceuta (Sabta). Suggests it could be a contempory off-metal counterfeit or maybe a trial strike. Legends written out, photo.
Arroyo, Henri. Un Tresor de Dirhams de la Fin de l’Empire Merinide. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XVI, pp. 115-122, 1974. Photocopy.
Description of a hoard of Merinid square dirhams found near Meknes in Morocco. Each type is described in full with the legends written out in Arabic. There are photos of each of 18 coins.
Arroyo, Henri. Le Monnayage du Prince Buyide Taj ad-Dawla Abul-Husayn. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XX, pp. 113-116, 1978. Offprint.
A description of previously unknown Buwayid dirhams struck during the reign of Taj ad-Daula Abu’l-Husayn. Legends written out in Arabic and translated into French. Coins of this ruler were previously unknown.
Arroyo, Henri. Un Titre Monetaire Inedit du Sultan Saljuqide Sanjar ibn Malik Shah (512-552 A.H. = 1117-1157 A.D. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XXI, pp. 225-228, 1979.
The description of a new type of Great Seljuq dinar of Sanjar bin Malik Shah with a title, Malik raqab al-imam, not previously known.
Artuk, Ibrahim. Denizbaci Definesi/The Denizbaci Hoard. Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara, 1966.
The description of an important hoard of Islamic coins found in Turkey. The dynasties included are Umayyad, Abbasid, Abbasid partisans, Umayyads of Spain, Idrisids, Aghlabids and Khalaf bin al-Muda, a contemporary of the Idrisids. The coins are fully described with Arabic legends written out. Good photos of reduced size.
Artuk. Ibrahim. Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Adina Basilan Sikkeler/Coins stuck in the Name of Suleyman the Magnificent. Turk Tarih Kurumu Basimevi, Ankara, 1972.
Comprehensive listing of the coins of the Islamic Ottoman Suleyman I (The Magnificent). The book is arranged by mint, with all types described with full Arabic legends. Nice photographic plates.
Artuk, Ibrahim and Cevriye Artuk. Istanbul Arkeoloji Muezeleri Teshirdeki Islami sikkeler Katalogu. Volumes I and II. Milli Egitim Basimevi, Istanbul, 1971-1974.
A catalogue of Islamic coins in the Istanbul Archaeological Museum. Includes descriptions of almost 2600 coins with 108 photographic plates. Full Arabic legends written out where legible. Particularly strong on Anatolian coinage.
Artuk, Ibrahim and Cevriye Artuk. Artukogullari Sikkeleri/Coins of the Artukids. Sumer Kitabevi, Istanbul, 1993.
A description of 154 coins issued by the Islamic Artuqid dynasty, all branches. Arabic legends written out, and many different dates of individual types described. All coins nicely photographed. Very good fold out genealogies. Includes coins with inscriptions only, so goes beyond Spengler and Sayles.
[Artuk, Ibrahim]. A Festschrift Presented to Ibrahim Artuk on the Occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the
Turkish Numismatic Society. The Turkish Numismatic Society, Istanbul, 1988.
A collection 20 papers on Turkish/Islamic numismatics. Papers are in Turkish, English or French, with some in more than one language. Particularly useful papers on Ottoman coinage in Yemen, previously unpublished coins of the Ottoman Ibrahim Bey, coins struck at Belgrad, and a paper on two Ilkhanid coins that bear the month, day and year they were struck.
Awad, Henri Amin. Seventh Century Arab Imitations of Alexandrian Dodecanummia. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 18, pp. 113-117, 1972.
A brief note on early Islamic Arab-Byzantine coinage.
Aydin, Sennur. Kudret ve Huner: Sikke’nin iki Yuzu/Power and Skill: The Two Faces of a Coin. Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul, 1994.
The first of the series of catalogues of exhibitions of the bank’s coin collection. It includes a general history of the origin of Islamic coinage, then covers Arab-Byzantine, Arab-Sasanian, Umayyad, Umayyad of Spain, Abbasid, Tulunid, Fatimid, Ayyubid, Mamluk, Idrisid, Aghlabid, Tahirid, Saffarid, Banijurid, Sajid, Wajjahid (Oman), Samanid, Ikhshidid, Buwayhid, Marwanid, Rassid (2nd period), Rasulid, Shirvanshah. Beautiful color photos. Bilingual (Turkish and English).
Aydin, Sennur. Dogu-Bati Arasi Bir Gokkusagi: Selcuklu Sikkeleri/A Rainbow Linking East and West: Coins of the Seljuqs. Yapi Kredi Coin Collection Exhibitions No. 2. Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul, 1994.
A catalogue of a collection of coins of the Islamic Seljuqs of Rum. Includes a brief history of the dynasty and its coinage, with high quality enlarged photographs of a selection 93 coins. Does not include full Arabic inscriptions, but translates portions of many of them.
Aykut, Nezihi. Osmanli Deveti’nden Turkiye Cumhuriyeti’ne Devredilen Kaimeler ve Osmanli Bankasi
Banknotlari/ Ottoman Paper Money and Imperial Ottoman Bank Banknotes Transferred Ottoman Empire to Turkish Republic. Yapi ve Kredi Bankasi A. G., Numismatik Yayinlari No. 10, Istanbul, 1979.
One of the Yapi ve Kredi Bank’s booklets on Turkish numismatics. This one is an overview of Ottoman banknotes, written in Turkish with an English summary. Thirty-five different banknotes are described, all with reduced-size black-and-white photos.
Aykut, Nezihi. Some Coins of Mas’ud I, Qilijarslan II, and the Maliks. American Journal of Numismatics, Vol. 7-8, pp. 161-186, 1995-1996.
The numismatic history of the earliest times of the Seljuqs of Rum. It includes the individual sons of Qilij Arslan II who served as maliks of different portions of their territory.
Aykut, Tuncay (and Sevket Pamuk). Ak Akche. Mogol ve Ilhanli Sikkeleri (Mongol and Ilkhanid Coins). Yapi Kredi Yayinlari Ltd Sti, Istanbul, 1992.
A catalogue of Islamic Mongol (Chingizid) and Ilkhan coins in the Yapi ve Kredi Bank collection. Includes a general chapter on money, history and numismatics (by Pamuk), then a monetary history of the Mongol and Ilkhan dynasties, a thorough description of all coin types in the collection, and a catalogue of all coins. All coins photographed in color, all types fully described with photos, drawings, transliterations and translations. Text is bilingual (Turkish and English).
Azimov, R. And E. Rtveladze. Catalogue of Antique and Medieval Coins of Central Asia. Volume I. National Bank for Foreign Economic Activity of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 1997.
A beautiful catalogue of 100 coins from the collection of the National Bank of Uzbekistan. It includes Achaemenids, Alexander the Great, Seleucid, Greco-Bactrian and imitations, Bactira, Indo-Greek, Parthia, Indo-Parthian, Kushan, Sasanian and imitations and countermarks, Hephthalite, Khoream, Chach, Sogdian, Turgesh Khanate, Bukhara, China, Umayyad, Abbasid, Arab-Sasanian, Samanid, Khwarizmshahs, Chaghatayids, Golden Horde, Timurid, Manghits of Bukhara, Khans of Khoqand, Khans of Khiva. Every coin is photographed enlarged and in color, and again at actual size in black and white.
Bacharach, Jere L. A Few Unpublished Mamluk Dirhems. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 14, pp. 163-169, 1968.
A brief addendum to Balog's corpus on Mamluk coinage. It includes nine coins not found in Balog.
Bacharach, Jere L. The Coinage of Kafur: A Cautionary Tale. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel
Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 71-79, 1988-1989.
A discussion of Ikhshidid coinage with the Arabic letter kaf, and conclusions about the pitfalls of relying solely on numismatic evidence for establishing historical facts.
Bacharach, Jere L. Islamic History through Coins: An Analysis and Catalogue of Tenth-Century Ikhshidid Coinage. American University in Cairo Press, Cairo and New York, 2006.
Two-part book. The first explains what the study of coins can tell us about the people who issued them. Uses Ikhshidid coins to elucidate history of the dynasty. There follows a catalogue of coins issued by the Ikhshidids in all metals, including presentation pieces.
Badarch, Nyamaa. The Coins of Mongol Empire and Clan Tamgha of Khans (XIII-XIV). Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2005.
(My review of the book for ONS Newsletter 186)
This is a beautifully produced book that should be in the library of anyone interested in the history and coins of the Mongol dynasties. The author was born in Mongolia and graduated as a historian-translator from the Institute of Asia and Africa of the University of Moscow. In recent years he has devoted himself to the collection and study of Mongol coins. His new book is a welcome result of his interest.
The first part of the book is an extensive and detailed analysis of the tamghas, symbols of individual clans and tribes, found on Mongol coins. As the author explains in his introduction, when a clan would split from another clan, the new clan would adopt a new tamgha formed by adding to or otherwise modifying the tamgha of the parent clan. This sets up the premise of his analysis that the evolving tamghas found on coins of the Chingizids, Golden Horde (Jujids), Golden Horde (Hulaguids), Chaghatayids and the Yuan Dynasty reflect the political and familial relationships of the issuers of the coins.
The analysis of the tamghas on coins is accompanied not only by line drawings and photographs of the coins on which the tamghas are found, but also by archaeological sites, artifacts, and contemporary artwork and documents with personal seals of the Mongol khans. There are also numerous diagrams showing the relationships among different tamghas and a final summary table showing how tamghas changed over time from the parent tamgha through the various divisions of the Chinghizids into separate dynasties and as modified by individual rulers.
The second part of the book attempts to be a comprehensive discussion of all known coins with Mongol inscriptions in Uighur or Phags-pa script. Each coin is photographed, and the Mongol inscriptions are written out, analyzed and translated. The author compares his translations to those of other scholars and explains his preferences based on Mongol history and religion. It is also pointed out that many of the Mongol legends are also found on official state seals of Mongol khans.
The section on Mongol script also continues to identify tamghas on coins. Both the tamgha and Mongol script sections of the book contain relevant historical notes.
The final part of the book is a catalogue of the Mongol coins in the author’s private collection. It contains 233 coins carefully selected by the author for their variety and quality. The catalogue is organized with two coins per page, each with an enlarged clear photograph, a smaller line drawing, metric information (diameter and weight) and a translation of the legends. While not a comprehensive collection, it contains some very rare coins that have not been published elsewhere, as well as well-struck and well-preserved examples of more common types. It is clearly a collection assembled by someone with a good eye for quality.
In short, the book is both important to numismatics and a delight to look at. Perhaps the highest compliment I can pay to the author is that his work clearly shows his love and appreciation for the history and coins of his homeland. He chose not only to provide his analyses of the material, but also to present the material in a manner that transcends the narrow subject matter. This is a book that I can unhesitatingly recommend to anyone interested in coins or Asian history.
Bahrfeldt, Emil. Das Muenzwesen der Mark Brandenburg. Three volumes. Original published by Verlag von W. H. Kuehl, Berlin, 1889, 1895 and 1913. Reprinted by Zentralantiquariat der deutschen demokratischen Republik, Leipzig, 1975.
The Coinage of Brandenburg, Germany.
Balaguer, Anna M. Early Islamic Transitional Gold Issues of North Africa and Spain in the American
Numismatic Society. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 24, pp. 225-241, 1979.
A description of 11 dinars and 7 fractions from Spain and North Africa. All have Latin inscriptions or are anepigraphic. Full descriptions of coins and photographic plates.
Balaguer, Anna M. Las Emisiones Transicionales Arabe-Musulmanas de al-Andalus: Nueva Sintesis. I. Jarique de Estudios Numismaticos Hispano-Arabes, Institucion Fernando el Catolico, Zaragoza, pp. 11-28, 1988.
A discussion of the early transitional Arabic coins in Spain with Latin or bilingual legends. Mostly text, with some Latin inscriptions.
[Baldassari, Silvio] Islamic Coins: The Umayyad and Abbasid Dynasties. The Collection of Silvio Baldassari. Auction Leu 62, 18th May 1995 in Zurich, Leu Numismatics Ltd., Zurich.
A catalogue of 742 lots of Umayyad and Abbasid coins in gold and silver (no copper). It also includes dirhams of the Abbasid revolutionaries. A high proportion of the coins are photographed, and there are many rarities in the collection.
Balog, Paul. Tables de references des monnaies ikhchidites. Revue belge de Numismatique, Vol. 103, pp. 107-134, 1957. Photocopy.
Coins of the Islamic Ikhshidid dynasty of Egypt and Syria. Descriptions of coins, lists of dates/mintmarks. Bibliography.
Balog, Paul. The Coinage of the Mamluk Sultans of Egypt and Syria. ANS Numismatic Studies No. 12, New York, 1964.
An extensive work on the coinage of the Islamic Mamluk dynasty of Egypt and Syria. The standard work.
Balog, Paul. The Coinage of the Mamluk Sultans: Additions and Corrections. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 16, pp. 113-171, 1970.
An update to his major corpus on Mamluk coinage.
Balog, Paul. The Fatimid Glass Jeton. Parts 1 and 2. Annali del Instituto Italiano di Numismatica, Volume 18/19, pp. 175-264, 1971-1972, and Volume 20, pp. 121-212, 1973.
The description of 435 glass jetons from the Fatimid dynasty in Egypt. The catalogue follows an introductory section explaining the history of study of these glass pieces, a discussion of their probably use in Fatimid society, and an explanation as to why they are so abundant. Many of the pieces are photographed in several high quality plates.
Balog, Paul. Umayyad, ‘Abbasid and Tulunid Glass Weights and Vessel Stamps. American Numismatic Society Numismatic Studies No. 13, New York, 1976.
Fantastic work describing over 900 glass weight and vessel stamps of the caliphate and Tulunids. There is good introductory material analyzing the wieghts and measures, chronological lists of officials, indexes of legends, substance names in English and Arabic, great photos and descriptions. Certainly one of the most important works on these objects, especially when combined with the earlier works of George Carpenter Miles.
Balog, Paul. New Considerations of Mamluk Heraldry. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 22, pp. 183-211, 1977.
A discussion of the origins of heraldic devices found on Islamic coins of the Mamluk dynasty. It is a revision and extension of ideas presented in his corpus on Mamluk coinage.
Balog, Paul. La monetazione della Sicilia araba e le sue imitazioni nell’Italia meridionale. In: F. Gabrieli and U. Scerrato, Gli Arabi in Italia, Milano, 1979, pp. 611-628. (Photocopy)
A nice work on coins of Sicily with Arabic legends. It includes Aghlabid, Fatimid, and Norman coins as well as coins of the rebel Muhammad b. ‘Abbad. There is a decent historical overview in Italian, then discussions of the coins. No legends written out, but the plates are decent even in photocopy. Spahr and Travaini are definitely better, but this is the only reference I have found to the rebel coins of Muhammad b. ‘Abbad.
Balog, Paul. The Coinage of the Ayyubids. Royal Numismatic Society Special Publication Number 12, London, 1980.
The standard work on the Islamic Ayyubid dynasty, which existed in Egypt, Syria and western Arabia from 1169-1260 (AH 567-828). Includes a historical outline, genealogies, a discussion of each mint that issued coins, and an extensive catalogue with full descriptions of coins. Does not translate legends. There are indexes for mints and dates. Excellent photographic plates.
Bangkok National Museum. Coins in Thailand. Bangkok National Museum, Bangkok, 1973.
A decent bilingual book showing an overview of the history of the coinage of Thailand from the early Funan Kingdom to modern times. It includes a variety of bullet money, toks, Chieng money, tiger tongues, and other non-traditional forms of coinage. Photos are black and white.
Bank Negara Malaysia. The Currency Legacy: A Guide to Bank Negara Malaysia’s Collection. Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1989.
A nice bank publication on coins and currency in the bank’s collection. It is primarily Malaysian coinage from primitive cowries, animal money, tampangs, hat money, through coinage of individual states, Dutch, Ceylonese, modern and world coins and banknotes. Very well done.
Bank Negara Malaysia. The Legendary Kijang. Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1992.
A very well done bank publication. The Kijang, or muntjac or barking deer, is a small deer native to India and the Malaysian peninsula. It is featured on small gold coins of Kelantan from the 16th century, 20 of which are photographed in this publication. It also includes a brief history of Malaysia and Kelantan, a history of the Kijang coins, a myths surrounding the coins. Very informative. The Kijang is also the bank’s symbol or logo.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Johor Currency Heritage. Bank Negara Money Museum, Kuala Lumpur, 1994.
A nice publication giving an overview of the history of Johor and its coinage, followed by a catalogue of gold, silver and tin coins from there. There is an excellent bibliography. Very well done and actually useful.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Pameran Matawang Perdagangan Kepulauan Melayu/ Exhibition on Trade Currency of the Malay Archipelago. Money Museum Unit, Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1995.
A catalogue that accompanied a coin exhibit. It is bilingual (Malay and English). Includes primitive money, odd forms like tampangs and animal money, coins of individual states, Sumatra, Indonesia, Atcheh, Java, Brunei, Trade dollars (U. S., South American, Hong Kong, British, etc.), British Sumatra and Java, Portuguese, Singapore. Nice photos, but all in black and white.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Terengganu Currency Heritage. Money Museum Unit, Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1995.
Beautiful done overview of coinage of Terengganu. Includes a history of Terengganu and a catalogue of gold and tin coinage. The tin coinage includes the privately minted tokens (Jokoh) issued by various Chinese Kapitans. Excellent bibliography. Great supplement to Singh.
Bank Negara Malaysia. Kedah and Perlis Currency Heritage. Money Museum Unit, Bank Negara Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 1996.
Another very well done publication on Malaysian coinage by the Central Bank of Malaysia. This one has a history of Kedah and Perlis. Most of the booklet is devoted to coins of Kedah in Gold, Silver, Copper and Tin, including tin cockerels. There is only one coin from Perlis. There is an excellent bibliography. Great supplement to Singh.
Barag, Dan. The Islamic Candlestick Coins of Jerusalem. Studies in Memory of Paul Balog. Israel Numismatic Journal, Volume 10, pp. 40-48, 1988-1989.
An attempt to devise a chronology for the different types of Umayyad fulus with a candelabra and to assign the type to a particular historical event. It does not mention the alternative hypothesis that the candelabra may, in fact, be an inverted mosque.
Basok, Alexander. Imitations of 11th Century Byzantine Coins Found on the Taman Peninsula. The Celator, Volume 12, Number 11, pp. 6-15, 1998.
The history and coinage of the Tmutarakan Principality in present-day Ukraine. The coinage is derived from 11th Century Byzantine copper coinage. The author shows the different die varieties that he has discovered. One of the only accessible articles on these rare coins.
Basok, Alexander. Neizvestnye Zolotye Monety Shakhin Gireya/ Unknown Gold Coins of Shahin Giray.
Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Pskov, 15-20 April, 2002, pp.97-100, 2002.
Four alleged gold coins of Shahin Giray, the Giray Khan. (Several people who have seen the coins are convinced that the coins are forgeries, that gold coins of the Giray Coins do not exist).
Basu, S. P. The Second Supplementary Catalogue of Coins to Volume 1 of the Indian Museum Catalogue. Indian Museum, Calcutta, 1977.
Additions to the IMC collection of ancient India. Includes some punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire. Plates are better than most Indian publications.
Bates, Michael L. Notes on some Isma'ili Coins from Yemen. ANS Museum Notes, Vol. 18, pp. 149-162, 1972.
Islamic coinage of the Zuray'id and Sulayhid dynasties. This is a discussion of the history of the dynasties, not a description of the coins.
Bates, Michael L. The "Arab-Byzantine" Bronze Coinage of Syria: An Innovation by 'Abd al-Malik. In: A Colloquium in Memory of George Carpenter Miles (1904-1975), American Numismatic Society, pp. 16-27, 1976. Photocopy.
A discussion of the earliest Islamic coinage. He makes the case that it is not merely a continuation of Byzantine coinage and attempts to establish a chronology.
Bates, Michael L. The Coinage of the Mamluk Sultan Baybars I: Additions and Corrections. American
Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 22, pp. 161-181, 1977.
Additions and corrections to the coinage of the Islamic Mamluk sultan Baybars as described in Balog's corpus.
Bates, Michael L. The Ottoman Coinage of Tilimsan. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 26, pp. 203-214, 1981.
Gold coins of the Ottomans in Tilimsan (Tlemcen), Algeria. Sulayman I through Ahmad I. Full descriptions of coins and legends.
Bates, Michael L. History, Geography and Numismatics in the First Century of Islamic Coinage. Revue Suisse de Numismatique, Volume 65, pp. 231-261, 1986. Photocopy.
An analysis of 1st century Umayyad coinage of Damascus, with a plea for better comparative work of coinage issued by mints. It is a good rational historical work with criticism of earlier works on early coinage of the caliphate.
Bates, Michael. The Coinage of Spain under the Umayyad Caliphs of the East, 711-750. III. Jarique de
Numismatica Hispano-Arabe. Museo Arqueologico Nacional, Madrid, pp. 271-289, 1990.
A discussion of Latin and bilingual gold coins of the Umayyads in Spain. Latin legends are written, but not Arabic. No photos or drawings.
Bates, Michael L. The coinage of Mismar b. Salm, ruler of al-Qatif. In: Shaikh Abdullah bin Khalid al-Khalifa and Michael Rice, Bahrain through the Ages: The History. Kegan Paul International, London and New York, pp. 98-103, 1993.
Description of twelve silver and silver-plated copper coins in the name of Mismar b. Salm. Historical records indicate Mismar was head of a ruling family in al-Qatif (historical Bahrain, present-day Saudi Arabia). The coins were found in nearby Jubayl. The copper coins are undated, silver coins dated AH 273. Legends written out, mediocre photographs.
Battenberg, Christoph. Die Sammlung der Siegelstempel im Kentner-Museum Hannover. Sammlungskatalog 3, Kesnter-Museum Hannover, 1985.
A selection of 122 medieval and modern seals, mostly German, from the collection in the Kentner-Museum in Hannover, Germany. Each seal is described in detail with explanations of all the devices in the more complex design. The photographs are very clear and show both the seal as negative and as a positive impression. There are also historical notes explaining why a particular seal was made and for what it was used.
Batur, Enis. Asya'dan Anadolu'ya Inen Ruezgar: Beylikler Donemi Sikkeleri/The Wind Blowing from Asia to Anatolia: An Exhibition of Beylik Period Coins. Coin Collection Exhibitions 3, Yapi Kredi Bank, Istanbul, 1994.
A bilingual (Turkish and English) catalogue of an exhibit of Anatolian coinage. Enlarged photos with transliterations and translations of legends, historical introductions to each dynasty. Very well done. Includes Salduqids, Menkujakids, Danishmandids, Artuqids, Qarasids, Saruhan, Aydin, Germiyanid, Inanchids (Denizli, Ladik), Hamit, Menteshe, Eshrefid, Alanya, Eretnid, Qadi Burhan al-Din, Isfendiyarid, Karamanid. Good bibliography of major references.
Baumgartner, Egon. Die Bluetezeit der Friesacher Pfennige. I. Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte des
inneroesterreichischen Muenzwesens im 13. Jahrhundert. Numismatische Zeitschrift 73: 75-106, 1949. Xerox copy, in German.
Austrian pfennigs of the 13th century.
Baumgartner, Egon. Die Bluetezeit der Friesacher Pfennige. II. Die Friesacher Grenzmuenzung.
Numismatische Zeitschrift 78: 14-57, 1959. Xerox copy, in German.
Austrian coinage of the 13th century.
Baumgartner, Egon. Die Bluetezeit der Friesacher Pfennige. III. Die Friesacher Grenzlandmuenzung
(Fortsetzung und Schluss). Numismatische Zeitschrift 79: 28-63, 1961. Xerox copy, in German.
Austrian coinage of the 13th century.
Beckenbauer, Egon. Bayerische Muenzkataloge. Band 5. Die Muenzen der Reichsstadt Regensburg. Hugo Geiger Verlag, Gruenwald, 1978.
The coinage of Regensburg (Bayern, Bavaria) from earliest times through the 18th century, with a catalogue from 1510 until 1803.
Bedoukian, Paul Z. Coinage of the Artaxiads of Armenia. Royal Numismatic Society Special Publication Number 10, London, 1978.
One of the key references on the coinage of the ancient Artaxiads, who ruled Armenia from before BC 190 until around 10 AD. There is a good historical overview of the different rulers, a long discussion of numismatic developments during each reign, and a catalogue with decent black and white plates.
Bedoukian, Paul Z. Coinage of Cilician Armenia. Revised Edition. Published by the Author, Danbury,
Connecticut, 1979. Original Edition published by the American Numismatic Society as Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 147 in 1962.
A revised edition of the standard reference on the coinage of Cilician Armenia. It covers Armenia from Baron Roupen (1080-1095) through Levon V Lusignan (1373-1375), who surrendered the kingdom to the Moslems. The book includes an extensive bibliography, a decent history of the time, and excellent section on trade and commerce, an overview of the coinage, an extensive corpus of coins with all known variants on legends, an index of legends to facilitate identification, and 12 plates.
Bedoukian, Paul Z. The Copper of the Later Kings of Cilician Armenia. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 15, pp. 131-135, 1969.
A brief article about copper poghs of Levon the Usurper (1363-1365) and Gosdantin (1365-1374) of Armenia. There are nice enlarged line drawings of the coins and photographs in the plates.
Begovatov, E. A. Novyi Klad Kuficheskikh Monet Vblizi Bilyarska/ A New Hoard of Kufic Coins found near Bilyarsk. Pp. 237-239, In: I. V. Belotserkovskaya (ed.) Nauchnoye Naslediye A. P. Smirnova I Sovremenniye Problemy Arkheologii Volgo-Kam’ya. Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya Volume 122, Moscow, 2000.
The most interesting coins found were Ma’munid from the reign of ‘Ali b. Ma’man and a few Ziyarid dirhams. The author analyzes the hoard in light of other hoards found in the area. There are no illustrations or coin descriptions, but the article has a URL for a website of Kazan State University, Department of Archaeology, which has photos of the coins.
Behrens, Heinrich. Muenzen und Medaillen der Stadt und des Bisthums Luebeck. Verlag der Berliner
Muenzblaetter, Berlin, 1905. Reprint by D. Tietjen, Hamburg, 1972.
Coinage of the free city and bishopric of Luebeck from mid 12th century.
Beierlein, J. B. Die Bayerischen Muenzen des Hauses Wittelsbach, von dem Ende des zwoelften bis zur Mitte des sechzehnten Jahrhunderts (1180-1550). Dr. C. Wolf & Sohn, Muenchen, 1868. Reprint by Alfred Szego, Oakdale, New York, 1972.
Coinage of Bavaria, including Niederbayern, Bayern Ingolstadt, Bayern Landshut, and Bayern Muenchen.
Bektineev, Sh. I. Denezhnoe Obrashchiniye Belikovo Knyazhestva Litovskovo v XIII-XV vv/Circulation of Coins of the Great Princes of Lithuania in the 13th - 15th Centuries. Izdatel’ V. N. Milyutin, Minsk, 1994.
A short work on the coins circulating in medieval Lithuania. There is a lot of historical text and descriptions of coins. The plates are low-quality reproductions and line drawings.
Belenitskii, A. M. Klad Serebranykh Monet iz Pendzhikenta/ A Hoard of Silver Coins from Pendjikent.
Epigrafika Vostoka, Volume XVII, pp. 92-100, 1966.
A small hoard of 18 coins, 6 Umayyad dirhams (Dimashq, Wasit (2), Kirman, Istakhr and al-Bab) and 12 Bukharkhudat drachms. The Bukharkhudat coins have Sogdian legends.
Bell, R. C. Commercial Coins, 1787-1804. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1963.
Copper tokens of the British Isles.
Bell, R. C. Copper Commercial Coins, 1811-1819. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1964.
Copper tokens of the British Isles.
Bell, R. C. Tradesmen's Tickets and Private Tokens, 1785-1819. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1966.
Copper tokens of the British Isles
Bell, R. C. Specious Tokens and those struck for General Circulation, 1784-1804. Corbitt & Hunter, Newcastle upon Tyne, 1968.
Copper tokens of the British Isles.
Bell, R. C. Unofficial Farthings, 1820-1870. Seaby Publications, London, 1975.
Copper private issue farthings, England, Ireland, Scotland, Wales. Reigns of George IV, William IV and Victoria.
Bell, R. C. The Building Medalets of Kempson and Skidmore, 1796-1797. Frank Graham, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, 1978.
British Tokens.
Bell, R. C. Political and Commemorative Pieces Simulating Tradesmen’s Tokens, 1770-1802. Schwer
Publications, Felistowe, Suffolk, 1987.
British Tokens.
Bell, Robert, John Whitmore and James Sweeney. Bell's Unofficial Farthings: A Supplement. Published by Whitmore, Malvern, 1994.
Contains new findings not in Bell's original work, as well as a new numbering system for the entire series, rarity indices, and discussions of die pairings and other information for certain series of the coins.
Belova, L. N. Neskol’ko Neizdannikh Khersonesskikh Monet iz Sobraniya Ermitazha/ Some Unknown
Chersonesus Coins from the Hermatige Collection. Proshloye Nashei Rodini v Pamytnikakh Numizmatiki, Gosudarstvennii Ordena Lenina Ermitazh, Leningrad, pp.144-151, 1977.
Photos and descriptions of nine previously unknown coins from Chersonesus (Ancient Greece, Black Sea, Thrace). These coins are in the Hermitage Museum collection.
Belyaev, Vladimir A. Monety Kitaiskovo Tipa za Predelami Podnebesnoi/The Geographic Limits of Coins of Chinese Type. Pp. 48-50, Devyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Gosudarstvennyi Ermitazh, Sankt-Petersburg, 2001.
A review of the geographical range of round coins with square holes. Includes Khotan, Kuche, Gaochan, Sogd, Japan, Viet Nam, Korea, Qara Khitay, plus Malacca, Indonesia, Tibet, Thailand and Java. Not illustrated.
Belyaev, Vladimir A. Kitaiskii Serebranyi Tsyan’, Bypushchennyi v Sin’tszyane/ Chinese Silver Cash Struck in Xinjiang. Desyataya Vserossiiskaya Numizmaticheskaya Konferentsiya, Pskov, 15-20 April, 2002, pp. 100-102, 2002.
A description of two silver square-holed cash from Xinjiang, year 1880. They have the Arabic legend “one silver miscal” on the reverse, the Chinese characters for “pure silver, one miscal” on the obverse. There are nice photos of both coins.
Belyaev, Vladimir A. Monety Kitaiskovo Tipa za Predelami Podnebesnoi/ Chinese coin types outside the Celestial Empire. Pp. 73-92 In: Gaiduiov, P. G. (Ed.) Trudy Gosudarstvennovo Istoricheskovo Muzeya Bypusk 138, Numismaticheskii Sbornik GIM, Tom XVI, Moscow, 2003.
A very nice overview of square-holed coinage from outside China proper. It includes ancient coins of Kuche, Khotan, Sogdiana, the Turgesh Khaganate, Uighur Khaganate, and Semirech’ye, and more modern coinage of Japan, Annam (Viet Nam), Korea, Tibet, Indonesia, Malacca, Trengannu, Kelantin, Thailand and Java. The Tibetan and Thai coins do not actually have square holes, but rather a square drawn in the center of the coin as part of the design. One significant omission - the square-holed Ilkhan tokens of Sultaniya 713 with the scorpion.
Belyakov, A. S. Medniye Moneti Belgorodskoi Chekanki Seredini XV v./ Copper coins struck in Belgorod in the Middle of the 15th Century. Numizmaticheskiye Issledovaniya po Istorii Yugo-vostochnoi Yevropi, pp. 180-185. Akademiya Nauk SSR Moldova, Kishinev, 1990.
A short article on coins of medieval Moldavia (Romania). These are copper coins with the steer’s head obverse. The article has photos of the coins and has all legends completely written out.
Belyaev, V. A., V. N. Nastich and P. N. Petrov. Ordu al-A’zam v Khotane i Kabak: Novye Mongol’skiye Monetnye Dvory XIII v. / Ordu al-a’zam in Khotan and Kabak: New Mongol Mints of the 13th Century. Numizmatika No. 6, pp. 20-23, November, 2004.
Anonymous Chaghatayid coins with the mint names Qabaq (dated AH 644 and date missing) and al-Ordu al-a’zam Khotan, date missing. The Qabak (Kabak) coins have a tamga in the center. The Khotan issues have a Tibetan letter in the center. Legends written out and very clear photographs.
Ben Rhomdane, Khaled. Supplement au Catalogue des Monnaies Musulmanes de la Bibliotheque Nationale: Monnaies Almoravides et Almohades. Revue Numismatique, 6th Series, Vol. XXI, pp. 141-175, 1979. Photocopy.
Additions to Volume II of the Paris catalogues (Lavoix). It expands on the Murabitid and Muwahhid holdings in the collection. Legends are written out in Arabic, and there are photos of the coins.
Ben Rhomdane, Khaled. 25 Siecles de Monnaies Tunisiennes. Ministere du Culture, Agence Nationale du Patrimoine, Tunis, 1996.
A very nice popular publication on Tunisian coinage from ancient times to the present. One of the prettiest museum publications I have seen. Photos are enlarged and in color.
Bendixen, Kirsten. Denmark’s Money. The National Museum of Denmark, Copenhagen, 1967.
A wonderful museum publication illustrating the history of coinage in Denmark from earliest times (some Roman, even some Islamic) through modern coinage. There are black and white photos on every page. There is even a chapter explaining what coin hoards tell us. Great overview, and photos of some rare coins.
Beradze, G. G. O Nachale Monetnovo Chekana v Gosudarstve Sel’dzhukidov/ On the Beginning of Coinage of the Great Seljuqs. Epigrafika Vostoka, Vol. XXIII, pp. 48-51, 1985.
A short discussion of the coins of Tughril Beg and Chaghri Beg, the first Seljuqs to issue coins. There are no illustrations.
Berga, T. M. Coinage in Archaeological Monuments of Latvia, 9th-12th Centuries. Published by the Academy of Science of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic, Institute of History, Riga, 1988. In Russian, with German and English summaries.
A monograph on European and Islamic coinage that has been found in the Baltic area of Latvia from early medieval times. The book is richly illustrated with many drawings, photos, plates and maps. The English and German summaries are extensive.
Berghaus, Peter. Der Muenzenfund von Werl (Westfalen) 1955, vergraben um 1240. In Harald Ingholt,
Centennial Publication of the American Numismatic Society, New York, 1958, pp. 89-123.
A description of a hoard of 381 coins found near Koeln. It includes coins of Koeln, Andernach, Anrnsberg, Attendorn, Korbach, Smmchmallenberg, Soest, Paderborn, Lemgo, Lippstadt, Bueren, Canterbury, London, Schwalenberg, Dortmund, Bentheim, Hamm, Iserlohn, Herford and Wiedenbrueck. All coins predate 1240. They are described with photos.
Berghaus, Peter. Das paderborner Muenzwesen under Ferdinand II von Fuerstenberg, 1661-1683. Reprinted from Ferdinand von Fuerstenberg, Fuerstbischof von Paderborn und Muenster, 1661-1683, Ferdinand Molinski, Staedtische Sammlungen Paderborn, 1962.
A short history and catalogue of the coinage issued by Ferdinand II von Fuerstenberg for the bishopric of Paderborn in Westphalia.
Berghaus, Peter. Der Muenzschatz von Querenburg in der Bochumer Universitaet. Kleine Hefte der
Muenzsammlung an der Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum, Doppelnummer 12/13, Universitaetsverlag Dr. Norbert Brockmeyer, Bochum, 1990
A description of a hoard of 123 15th century coins found on the campus of the Ruhr-Universitaet Bochum in 1966. Coins were found from the Low Countries (Flanders, Holland, Brabant and Geldern), the Grafschaft Mark, city of Dortmund, Grafschaft Limburg, Archbishopric of Trier, Herzogtum Juelich, Grafschaft Moers, Herzogtum Berg, Juelich-Berg, Aachen, Hennegau, Batenburg, Emsigerland, Tournai (France), and others.
Bergmann, E. von. Muenzen der Indschuiden. Numismatische Zeitschrift, vol. 3, pp. 143-165, 1871. Photocopy.
A description of coins of the Islamic Injuyid dynasty of Iran in the 14th century. Includes historical information.
Bergmann, E. von. Beitrage zur muhammedanischen Muenzkunde. Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Philos.-Hist. Klasse, Wien, vol. 73, pp. 129-170, 1873. Photocopy.
A note on some previously unpublished Islamic coins. Covers a Midrarid denar from north Africa, a Hasanwayhid coin, Fatimid, Saruhan and Karamanid coins. There is quite a bit of history.
Berman, Allen G. Papal Numismatic History: The Emancipation of the Papal State. Second Edition. Attic Books Ltd., South Salem, New York, 1991.
This is a general history of the papacy with a slant toward how it influenced the design and minting of papal coinage. It is not a catalogue. It is a revised version of Allen’s masters thesis.
Berman, Allen G. Papal Coins. Attic Books Ltd., South Salem, New York, 1991.
A complete catalogue of the coins of the popes from St. Gregory III (731-741) through the present. Includes 77 plates, valuations of every known type, historical information, and assistance in identifying coins. The book is set up much in the manner of Sear's books on Roman, Greek and Byzantine coinage.
Berman, Allen G. and Alex G. Malloy. Warman’s Coins and Currency. Wallace-Homestead Book Company, Radnor, Pennsylvania,1997.
A general book with prices of some of the more common ancient, medieval and modern coins and currency from the entire world. It includes some decent historical background, photos, and lists of references for different countries and time periods. Prices seem very inflated.
Berman, Ariel. Islamic Coins: Exhibition of L. A. Mayer Memorial Institute for Islamic Art. Central Press, Jerusalem, 1976.
A catalogue that accompanied a Museum exhibit of medieval Islamic coins that circulated in the Holy Land. Each coin is described with a translation of the legend or an attribution of where it is to be found in the Koran. Most are photographed (some enlarged). There are excellent maps of the geographic range of various dynasties. There are indexes of mint names, names of people, and coin legends, all in English, Arabic and Hebrew.
Berry, George. Medieval English Jetons. Spink & Son, London, 1974.
A history of the English Exchequer and accounting techniques, with a survey of jetons from the reigns of Edward I through Richard II.
Berry, George. Taverns and Tokens of Pepys' London. Seaby Publications Ltd., London, 1978.
A discussion of seventeenth century tokens issued by taverns mentioned in the diaries of Samuel Pepys. The author discusses great detail what is known about the taverns and their proprietors.
Berry, George. Seventeenth Century England: Traders and their Tokens. Seaby, London, 1988.
A cultural and historical overview of the various people and establishments that issued tokens in seventeenth century England.
Biaggi, Elio. Monete e Zecche Medievali Italiane dal Sec. VII al Sec. XV. Montenegro s.a.s. Edizioni
numismatiche di Eupremio Montenegro, Torino, 1992.
A wonderful catalogue of coins of medieval Italy from the 8th through the 15th centuries. Each of 3023 coin types is illustrated, fully described and given valuations in three grades. Rarity estimates are given, and all legends are written out. The introductory pages give a bibliography of essential references, guide to place names as written on coins, attribution of names of saints to their appropriate localities, and a history of medieval Italy. The catalogue is organized by coin-issuing locality, each preceded by a brief specific history of that locality and the coins it issued.
Bibliotheque Albert I. Mille ans de monnayage bruxellois 965-1965. Brussels, 1965.
The book that accompanied the exhibit of coins struck at the Brussels mint shown the Bibliotheque Albert I in 1965. There is a brief history of the mint along with historical overviews preceding each period of coinage. More than 500 coins were shown, including foreign coins struck by the mint, but only a fraction of these are photographed (enlarged, in black and white). A decent overview.
Biddulph, C. H. Coins of the Cholas. Numismatic Notes and Monographs No. 13, The Numismatic Society of India, Varanasi, 1968.
Early coinage of southern India (Tanjore) and Ceylon. There is an excellent historical treatment, good descriptions of the coins, and mediocre, but passable, plates.
Bidyabinod, B. B. Coins of the Non-Muhammadan Series. Supplementary Catalogue of the Coins in the Indian Museum. Indological Book House, Delhi, 1973.
Description of additions to the IMC collection of ancient and medieval India. No plates, no text. Includes some punchmarked coins of the Mauryan Empire.
Bikhazi, Ramzi J. Coins of al-Yaman 132-569 A.H. al-Abhath, vol. 23, pp. 3-127, 1970. Photocopy.
The history and coinage of Islamic dynasties in Yemen. Includes 'Abbasid, Rassid, Ziyadid, Fatimid, Sulayhid and Zuray'id dynasties. Coins arranged chronologically by date, rather than by dynasty. Full descriptions of coins and extensive historical information. There are several coins of unknown dynasties described as well.
Bikhazi, Ramzi Jibran. The Struggle for Syria and Mesopotamia (330-58/941-69) as Reflected on Hamdanid and Ikhshidid Coins. American Numismatic Society Museum Notes, Vol. 28, pp. 137-186, 1983.
Hamdanid, Ikhshidid and Abbasid coins struck in Syria. The article is mostly history, with a catalogue of known coins from the relevant mints. One section translates the legends as they appear on coins, then there is a listing of coins by mint town.
Binder, Christian and Julius Ebner. Wuerttembergische Muenz- und Medaillen-Kunde. Volume I, Parts I-VI, and Volume II, Parts I-II. W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1904-1915. Reprinted by W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1969.
The coinage and medals of Wuerttemberg, Germany, from 1344 until the early 20th century. Includes Moempelgart, Weiltingen, Oels, Neuenstadt.
[Bird, Brian]. Anglo-Saxon and Norman Coins. Auction Catalogue, Glendining & Co., London, 20 November, 1974.
An important collection of Anglo-Saxon and Norman coins with some incredible rarities. No prices realized.
Blackburn, M. A. S. (Editor) Anglo-Saxon Monetary History: Essays in Memory of Michael Dolley. Leicester University Press, 1986.
Scholarly articles by various authors on Anglo-Saxon and Viking coinage in England. Includes historical perspectives, an analysis of hoards and a bibliography of the published works of Michael Dolley.
Blair, Sheila S. The Coins of the Later Ilkhanids: Mint Organization, Regionalism and Urbanism. ANS Museum Notes, Volume 27, pp. 211-230, 1982.
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