WASTE DISPOSER OPERATION

A waste disposer isn't rocket science, but a summary of its operation is in order.  Here's a simplified drawing of the machinery involved:
Here's how it works:  when you toss a bunch of stuff in the hole, it ends up sitting on top of the turntable.  When the disposer is running, the stuff is slung outwards against the shredder ring.  It's not clear in this illustration, but the shredder ring has a series of slots in it, the edges of which are sharp.  The lugs, which are loosely attached to the turntable so they can swivel around and jingle, help bash the stuff against the shredder ring.  As the stuff is dragged along the shredder ring, small chips are shaved off and go through the slots and fall into the chamber below the turntable.  With a good flow of water, all these chunks are stirred around under the turntable until they make their way out the outlet into the waste piping system.

Since the slots in the shredder ring are pretty small, the shavings that come through it should also be pretty small -- small enough that you wouldn't expect them to cause any problems down the pipes.  However, it is possible for stringy stuff, like some types of beans, artichoke leaves, corn husks, things like that, to get in here and make a real mess of things.  The stringy parts can get pulled through the slots in the shredder ring lengthwise, then get wrapped around the shaft of the motor, or head on down the pipe and congregate in a trap and plug the drain.